Phillips W M
J Clin Psychol. 1980 Jul;36(3):661-7. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198007)36:3<661::aid-jclp2270360309>3.0.co;2-g.
Parallel to Frankl's theory of the search for meaning, which posits the separateness but intertwining of the psychological and existential realms, the Purpose In Life Test (PIL) has been found to have a low to moderate relationship with most conceptually related psychological measures. Extending separate correlational studies of the PIL with depression and locus of control, the current study inspected the relationship of individual PIL items to groups formed according to Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and Rotter Internal-External Locus Of Control scores. One-hundred thirty-four Ss were split into four groups: Depressed external, depressed internals, nondepressed externals, and nondepressed internals. Although ungrouped correlational analysis of PIL items revealed only seven significant relationships with depression and two with locus of control, multiple discriminate analysis was successful in correctly classifying depressed externals about three-fourths of the time, and the overall "hit rate" for the four groups was above 60%. In addition to further validating the interaction of purpose in life with related psychological and social expectancy variables, results indicated a compounding effect between depression and external perception of reinforcement control with PIL scores in general, and two items (#4, 12) in particular, which appear to reflect the experience of current congruent involvement between the individual and his world.
与弗兰克的意义探寻理论并行，该理论假定心理领域和存在领域相互独立但又相互交织，生活目的测试（PIL）已被发现与大多数概念相关的心理测量指标存在低到中等程度的关联。在扩展了PIL与抑郁及控制点的单独相关性研究之后，本研究考察了PIL各个项目与根据zung自评抑郁量表和罗特内外控制点得分所形成的组之间的关系。134名受试者被分为四组：抑郁外控型、抑郁内控型、非抑郁外控型和非抑郁内控型。尽管对PIL项目的未分组相关性分析仅揭示出与抑郁有7个显著关系、与控制点有2个显著关系，但多重判别分析成功地在大约四分之三的时间里正确地将抑郁外控型受试者分类，并且四组的总体“命中率”超过60%。除了进一步验证生活目的与相关心理和社会期望变量之间的相互作用之外，结果表明，一般而言，抑郁与对强化控制的外部感知与PIL得分之间存在复合效应，特别是两个项目（第4项、第12项），它们似乎反映了个体与他的世界之间当前一致参与的体验。
