Panjabi M M, White A A
Neurosurgery. 1980 Jul;7(1):76-93. doi: 10.1227/00006123-198007000-00014.
The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic biomechanical information concerning the spine, its components, and the spinal cord. It is shown that this information is helpful in understanding the fundamental functions of the spinal column. The experimentally determined physical properties of the vertebra, various spinal ligaments, the disc, and the spinal cord under many different loading conditions are described. The role of the special characteristics of the spine ligaments in allowing physiological motions of the spine, preventing excessive motions between vertebrae, and protecting the spinal cord during trauma are discussed. Movements of the spinal cord within the spinal canal and associated changes of its section during physiological movements of the spine are also described. The kinematics of the various regions of the spine are discussed and their clinical significance is presented. The problems of spinal trauma and is associated spinal instability are analyzed. Guidelines are recommended to assess spinal stability. The proper application of such guidelines will provide the basis for sound clinical judgments.
本报告的目的是提供有关脊柱、其组成部分以及脊髓的基本生物力学信息。结果表明，这些信息有助于理解脊柱的基本功能。文中描述了在许多不同加载条件下通过实验确定的椎体、各种脊柱韧带、椎间盘和脊髓的物理特性。讨论了脊柱韧带的特殊特性在允许脊柱进行生理运动、防止椎体之间过度运动以及在创伤期间保护脊髓方面的作用。还描述了脊髓在椎管内的运动以及在脊柱生理运动期间其截面的相关变化。讨论了脊柱各个区域的运动学并阐述了其临床意义。分析了脊柱创伤及相关的脊柱不稳定问题。推荐了评估脊柱稳定性的指导方针。正确应用这些指导方针将为合理的临床判断提供依据。
