Layde P M, Fleming D, Greenspan J R, Smith J C, Ory H W
Am J Public Health. 1980 Aug;70(8):808-12. doi: 10.2105/ajph.70.8.808.
An estimated 2,300,000 women in the United States underwent tubal sterilizations in 1970-1975. During this period the rate of tubal sterilizations per 1,000 women 15-44 years of age rose from 4.7 to 11.7. We studied the influence on sterilization trends of four demographic variables: age, region of residence, race, and marital status. Women 25-34 years of age were twice as likely to be sterilized as older or younger women. Rates were about 40 per cent lower in the West than in the rest of the country. In 1970 rates for non-white women were double those for Whites. Rates for Whites rose faster than those for non-Whites, however, and by 1975 the rates were similar for the 2 races. Non-Whites still tended to be sterilized about one year younger than Whites, and marked regional differences existed in the race-specific rate trends. Rates rose more sharply for previously married women than for currently married women; by 1975 rates for these two groups were similar. Never married women had rates about 1/7 of those of currently married and previously married women. Among the never married, tubal sterilization rates for non-Whites were nine times higher than those for Whites.
据估计，1970年至1975年期间，美国有230万名女性接受了输卵管绝育手术。在此期间，每1000名15至44岁女性的输卵管绝育率从4.7上升至11.7。我们研究了年龄、居住地区、种族和婚姻状况这四个人口统计学变量对绝育趋势的影响。25至34岁的女性接受绝育手术的可能性是年龄较大或较小女性的两倍。西部地区的绝育率比美国其他地区低约40%。1970年，非白人女性的绝育率是白人女性的两倍。然而，白人的绝育率增长速度比非白人快，到1975年，这两个种族的绝育率相似。非白人接受绝育手术的年龄仍比白人小约一岁，而且在按种族划分的绝育率趋势方面存在明显的地区差异。以前结婚的女性绝育率的上升幅度比目前已婚的女性更大；到1975年，这两组的绝育率相似。从未结婚的女性绝育率约为目前已婚和以前结婚女性的1/7。在从未结婚的女性中，非白人的输卵管绝育率是白人的九倍。
