Fogliani J, Orehek J, Bergier M A
Ann Anesthesiol Fr. 1977;18(7-8):611-8.
The authors recall the symptoms of peroperative and early postoperative bronchospasm. They emphasise the etiology and the treatment. In fact, bronchospasm may be induced by several causes:--mechanical or chemical vagal stimulation;--direct or allergic-induced histamine liberation, induced by certain drugs (mainly curare);--taking beta-blockaders before operation, favoured by the use of morphine during operation;--finally, any irritation of the bronchi (inhalation of gastric juice, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary oedemal). The treatment is etiological but also symptomatic:--enrich the inspired air with oxygen;--inject I.V. 1/2 to 1mg of atropine;--in case of failure, one should use Salbutamol I.V. which is very effective during contraction of the bronchial muscles;--massive corticosteroid therapy will be effective in mucosal oedema.
作者回顾了手术中和术后早期支气管痉挛的症状。他们强调了其病因和治疗方法。事实上，支气管痉挛可能由多种原因引起：——机械性或化学性迷走神经刺激；——某些药物（主要是箭毒）引起的直接或过敏性组胺释放；——术前服用β受体阻滞剂，术中使用吗啡会加重；——最后，任何对支气管的刺激（吸入胃液、肺栓塞、肺水肿）。治疗方法既要针对病因，也要对症治疗：——吸入空气中增加氧气；——静脉注射0.5至1毫克阿托品；——如果无效，应使用静脉注射沙丁胺醇，其在支气管肌肉收缩时非常有效；——大剂量皮质类固醇疗法对黏膜水肿有效。
