Gill T A, Sundeen G B, Richards J F, Bragg D B
Poult Sci. 1980 Sep;59(9):2088-97. doi: 10.3382/ps.0592088.
Commercial chicken broilers were fed a semipurified diet deficient in vitamin E and selenium from day 1 to day 13 ex ova and subsequently fed varying levels of dietary selenium and vitamin E. All birds were sacrificed on the 28th day, stored for 36 hr at 2 C to allow the onset and resolution of rigor, and frozen at -32 C until needed. Total cathepsin content of the Pectoralis major depended upon dietary vitamin E for birds receiving 0 to 12 IU/kg, whereas selenium administered at .05 to .16 ppm in the diet showed no statistically significant effect. Similarly, total protein content of P. major increased with increasing level of dietary vitamin E, but the level of dietary selenium had no effect. Muscle break strength was significantly affected by dietary selenium and vitamin E (P = .0092) interacting together. Catheptic activity and muscle protein explained 6.36% and 3.58% of the viriability in muscle break strength. Birds with more advanced avian white muscle disease showed higher break strength values. Ultrastructural deterioration of the myipathic muscle included disintegration of blood vessel walls, transverse tubules, and mitochondrial membranes as well as the obvious disruption of the myofibrillar components. Myelin figures were present in diseased, but not in normal, muscle. Accumulation of adipocytes both extracellularly and intracellularly occurred in selenium and vitamin E-deficient birds.
从产蛋后第1天到第13天，给商品肉鸡饲喂缺乏维生素E和硒的半纯化日粮，随后饲喂不同水平的日粮硒和维生素E。所有鸡在第28天宰杀，在2℃下储存36小时以使尸僵开始和缓解，然后在-32℃下冷冻备用。对于摄入0至12国际单位/千克维生素E的鸡，胸大肌中的组织蛋白酶总含量取决于日粮中的维生素E，而日粮中添加0.05至0.16 ppm的硒则未显示出统计学上的显著影响。同样，胸大肌的总蛋白含量随着日粮维生素E水平的增加而增加，但日粮硒水平没有影响。日粮硒和维生素E共同作用对肌肉断裂强度有显著影响（P = 0.0092）。组织蛋白酶活性和肌肉蛋白分别解释了肌肉断裂强度变异性的6.36%和3.58%。患有更严重禽白肌病的鸡的断裂强度值更高。肌病性肌肉的超微结构恶化包括血管壁、横小管和线粒体膜的解体以及肌原纤维成分的明显破坏。患病肌肉中存在髓鞘样结构，而正常肌肉中没有。在缺乏硒和维生素E的鸡中，细胞外和细胞内均出现脂肪细胞积聚。
