Walter D O
Am J Physiol. 1980 Nov;239(5):R365-71. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1980.239.5.R365.
Fictions are well established in the theory and practice of civil law; similar importance is here claimed for fictions in the theory and application of scientific law. A puzzle from quantum mechanics, previously referred to in this Journal [Am. J. Physiol. 238 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 7(: R277-R290, 1980], is reinterpreted by suggesting quantum logic as a source of relevant fictions, which indicate a solution to that puzzle. Another physiological application of quantum theory suggests that the concept of "the state of the brain" may, in its usual classical sense, not be useful for an individual brain--but may well be suggestively modeled by a quantum state. The notion of "myths," usually only pejoratively applied in positivistic writings, is suggested for rehabilitation, in view of their helpful function (often unnoticed) even in positivistic thinking. Finally, an example of a biological simulation (of a tumor by a cell culture) is presented, to show that its multilayered fictionalizations illustrate the surprising fact that a simulation that is insulated from the system being simulated can be logically more powerful than any uninsulated simulation.
虚构在民法理论与实践中已确立；本文主张虚构在科学定律理论与应用中具有同样重要性。《美国生理学杂志》（《美国生理学杂志》238卷（调节整合比较生理学7期：R277 - R290，1980年））之前提及的一个量子力学谜题，通过将量子逻辑视为相关虚构的来源进行重新诠释，这些虚构指出了该谜题的解决方案。量子理论的另一个生理学应用表明，“大脑状态”这一概念在其通常的经典意义上，可能对单个大脑并无用处——但很可能由量子态进行富有启发性的建模。鉴于“神话”在实证主义思维中即使通常未被注意到却具有有益作用，建议对其进行重新审视，恢复其名誉。最后，给出了一个生物模拟（通过细胞培养模拟肿瘤）的例子，以表明其多层虚构说明了一个惊人的事实，即与被模拟系统隔离的模拟在逻辑上可能比任何未隔离的模拟更强大。
