Nelson H E, Warrington E K
Br J Psychol. 1980 Nov;71(Pt 4):487-503. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1980.tb01762.x.
A detailed investigation of short-term memory storage, long-term memory storage and semantic memory associated with developmental dyslexia is reported. Fifty-one dyslexic and 28 control children were tested, and the following deficits were found amongst the dyslexic children. Short-term memory functions were impaired both with respect to storage capacity and rate of decrement. Long-term memory functions for visual material were normal but verbal long-term memory functions were impaired. There was evidence of difficulties in incorporating new material into semantic memory but the rate of accessing information from within this system appeared to be normal. The significance of the memory deficits is discussed in relation to the hypothesis that childhood dyslexia is a double deficit of the graphemic-phonemic and graphemic-semantic reading routes.
本文报告了一项关于与发展性阅读障碍相关的短期记忆存储、长期记忆存储和语义记忆的详细调查。研究测试了51名阅读障碍儿童和28名对照儿童，发现阅读障碍儿童存在以下缺陷。短期记忆功能在存储容量和衰退率方面均受损。视觉材料的长期记忆功能正常，但言语长期记忆功能受损。有证据表明在将新材料纳入语义记忆方面存在困难，但从该系统中获取信息的速度似乎正常。结合儿童阅读障碍是字素-音素和字素-语义阅读途径双重缺陷这一假设，讨论了记忆缺陷的意义。
