阿米卡星、妥布霉素和庆大霉素在大鼠、兔子和豚鼠体内的肾毒性及肾脏蓄积情况。

The nephrotoxicity and renal accumulation of amikacin, tobramycin and gentamycin in rats, rabbits and guinea pigs.

作者信息

Sairio E, Kasanen A, Kangas L, Nieminen A L, Nieminen L

出版信息

Exp Pathol (Jena). 1978;15(6):370-5. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4908(78)80045-3.

Abstract

The nephrotoxicity and renal concentrations of amikacin, tobramycin and gentamycin were studied in rat, rabbit and guinea pig. The nephrotoxicity was estimated by histological examination and by measuring the relative weight of the kidneys (mg/100 mg body weight). These two systems had a significant correlation (r = 0.87; p less than 0.001). The concentrations of aminoglycosides were determined by the cylinder-plate method measuring free aminoglycosides. The renal toxicity of the aminoglycosides in equal doses weight by weight followed the order amikacin less than tobramycin less than gentamycin in the rat. The same order was observed in the renal accumulation of the aminoglycosides in rat, rabbit and guinea pig. The critical kidney damaging concentration of free aminoglycoside in the whole rat kidney was estimated to be 160--190 microgram/g.

摘要

对大鼠、兔子和豚鼠的丁胺卡那霉素、妥布霉素和庆大霉素的肾毒性及肾脏浓度进行了研究。通过组织学检查和测量肾脏相对重量（毫克/100毫克体重）来评估肾毒性。这两种评估系统具有显著相关性（r = 0.87；p < 0.001）。采用圆筒平板法测定游离氨基糖苷类药物来确定氨基糖苷类药物的浓度。按重量计等剂量的氨基糖苷类药物的肾毒性在大鼠中依次为丁胺卡那霉素＜妥布霉素＜庆大霉素。在大鼠、兔子和豚鼠中，氨基糖苷类药物在肾脏中的蓄积情况也观察到相同的顺序。大鼠全肾中游离氨基糖苷类药物造成肾脏损伤的临界浓度估计为160 - 190微克/克。