Pitfalls and problems with subcutaneous mastectomy.

The most frequent problems after subcutaneous mastectomy involve capsule formation, inadequate resection of breast tissue, and a poor aesthetic result as a consequence of nipple-areolar ptosis. These problems can be largely avoided by the submuscular placement of implants and, in patients with moderate-to-severe ptosis, by performing concomitant mastopexy or skin tailoring. We believe that when properly performed for appropriate indications, subcutaneous mastectomy is a worthwhile procedure.