Dietz H
Neurochirurgia (Stuttg). 1980 Nov;23(6):219-23. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1053886.
In spite of the severity of the injury, perforating orbito-frontal injuries have often been overlooked on account of their very scanty clinical symptoms. For this reason they are particularly dangerous. The historic, aetiological, diagnostic and clinical aspects of the lesion are discussed. Experiences from the literature are reported as well as our own observations. In nearly all of our 15 personal cases there was initially a CSF fistula and a brain injury; in all six of the late cases there had been three or more attacks of meningitis and in five the diagnosis was only made after a brain abscess had developed.