Reiter S, Levi A M
Am J Ment Defic. 1980 Jul;85(1):25-30.
The social integration of noninstitutionalized moderately and mildly mentally retarded young adults was investigated. A group of moderately and mildly retarded adults (study group) was compared with a group of borderline retarded (control group) adults on employability, behavior at work, social integration and social skills, personality, and self-concept. Findings indicated that the study group was less well integrated at work and in society than was the control group and showed lack of social skills. The retarded adults who had nonretarded friends showed better social-educational skills than did the other subjects. Findings suggest that even retarded individuals who grow up in the community need help in order to become socially independent. The existence of a special social club for retarded adults was found to fulfill the functions of a sheltered framework. Participants in the club showed more positive self-concepts; however, the club did not seem to prepare them for social integration in the general community.
对非机构化的轻度和中度智力发育迟缓的年轻人的社会融合情况进行了调查。将一组轻度和中度智力发育迟缓的成年人（研究组）与一组临界智力发育迟缓的成年人（对照组）在就业能力、工作表现、社会融合与社交技能、个性和自我概念等方面进行了比较。研究结果表明，研究组在工作和社会中的融合程度不如对照组，且表现出社交技能的欠缺。有非智力发育迟缓朋友的智力发育迟缓成年人比其他受试者表现出更好的社会教育技能。研究结果表明，即使是在社区中成长的智力发育迟缓个体，要想实现社会独立也需要帮助。发现为智力发育迟缓成年人设立的特殊社会俱乐部起到了庇护框架的作用。俱乐部的参与者表现出更积极的自我概念；然而，该俱乐部似乎并未帮助他们为融入普通社区做好准备。
