Siperstein G N, Bak J J
Am J Ment Defic. 1985 Nov;90(3):319-27.
The ability of prosocial behavior attributes to ameliorate the negative attitudes often brought about by negative personal characteristics associated with mild and moderate mental retardation was assessed. Subjects (191 nonretarded fourth through sixth-grade boys and girls) viewed a videotape of either a nonretarded, mildly retarded, or moderately retarded target child who was reading. They then were read a story depicting the target as either socially competent, withdrawn, or aggressive. On three measures, children in general responded favorably toward retarded target children who were socially competent, neutrally to withdrawn targets and negatively to aggressive targets. They were most positive to the nonretarded, socially competent targets and most negative to the nonretarded, aggressive targets, however. Prosocial behavior attributes had a positive effect on children's attitudes and behavioral intentions toward retarded targets. Implications for future research, social skills training, and mainstreaming were discussed.
研究评估了亲社会行为特质改善与轻度和中度智力障碍相关的负面个人特征所常带来的消极态度的能力。研究对象（191名四至六年级无智力障碍的男孩和女孩）观看了一段录像带，录像中的目标儿童分别是无智力障碍、轻度智力障碍或中度智力障碍的正在阅读的儿童。然后，他们听了一个故事，故事将目标儿童描述为具有社交能力、孤僻或有攻击性。在三项测评中，总体而言，儿童对具有社交能力的智力障碍目标儿童反应积极，对孤僻的目标儿童反应中立，对有攻击性的目标儿童反应消极。然而，他们对无智力障碍且具有社交能力的目标儿童最为积极，对无智力障碍且有攻击性的目标儿童最为消极。亲社会行为特质对儿童针对智力障碍目标儿童的态度和行为意图产生了积极影响。文中还讨论了对未来研究、社交技能训练和主流化的启示。
