Börner U, Müller H, Stoyanov M, Hempelmann G
Anaesthesist. 1980 Oct;29(10):570-1.
To estimate the compatibility of opiates with tissue we measured the pH of opiate solutions in comparison to local anaesthetics. Piritramide and opium solutions revealed very low pH values (3.96 and 3.38). Two patients, who underwent EOA for the last two and a half three weeks before their death showed, macroscopically and microscopically, no signs of effect on tissue. The examination of the compatibility of opiate solutions and local anaesthetics with CSF showed a deproteinisation of CSF after Piritramide and a rise of opacity after opium. Of the local anaesthetics tested, only Editocaine interferred by crystallizing of the substance. In conclusion, all opiates except piritramide and opium can be used in EOA. In our opinion bupivacaine but not editocaine can be used for spinal anesthesia. All opiates tested can be mixed either with bupivacaine or editocaine.
为评估阿片类药物与组织的相容性，我们测量了阿片类药物溶液相对于局部麻醉剂的pH值。匹利卡明和鸦片溶液的pH值非常低（分别为3.96和3.38）。两名患者在死亡前最后两到三周半接受了硬膜外阿片给药（EOA），从宏观和微观上看，均未显示对组织有影响的迹象。阿片类药物溶液和局部麻醉剂与脑脊液相容性的检查显示，匹利卡明作用后脑脊液出现蛋白质沉淀，鸦片作用后脑脊液浑浊度增加。在所测试的局部麻醉剂中，只有依替卡因因药物结晶而产生干扰。总之，除匹利卡明和鸦片外，所有阿片类药物均可用于硬膜外阿片给药。我们认为布比卡因可用于脊髓麻醉，而依替卡因不行。所有测试的阿片类药物均可与布比卡因或依替卡因混合使用。
