Sarma G R, Kailasam S, Nair N G, Narayana A S, Tripathy S P
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Nov;18(5):661-6. doi: 10.1128/AAC.18.5.661.
The effect of prednisolone and rifampin, alone and in combination, on the biodisposition of isoniazid in slow and rapid inactivators of isoniazid was investigated. In one investigation, we made serial determinations of plasma isoniazid concentrations up to 8 h and of isoniazid and acetylisoniazid in excreted urine up to 8.5 h in patients receiving isoniazid alone on one occasion and isoniazid plus prednisolone or isoniazid plus rifampin on another. Prednisolone caused a significant decrease in the plasma isoniazid concentrations in both slow and rapid inactivators. It also enhanced the renal clearance of isoniazid in both slow and rapid inactivators and increased the rate of acetylation of isoniazid in slow inactivators only. Rifampin had no effect on the biodisposition of isoniazid in either slow or rapid inactivators. In a second investigation, one group of slow and rapid inactivators received isoniazid and rifampin, and a different group received prednisolone, in addition. Plasma isoniazid concentrations in slow inactivators receiving prednisolone were significantly lower than in those who received isoniazid and rifampin only. In rapid inactivators, plasma isoniazid concentrations were similar in the two groups of patients, suggesting that concomitant administration of rifampin had considerably modified the prednisolone effect on the biodisposition of isoniazid in these patients.
研究了泼尼松龙和利福平单独及联合使用对异烟肼生物转化的影响，对象为异烟肼慢灭活者和快灭活者。在一项研究中，我们连续测定了患者血浆中异烟肼浓度（长达8小时）以及排泄尿液中异烟肼和乙酰异烟肼浓度（长达8.5小时），这些患者一次单独服用异烟肼，另一次服用异烟肼加泼尼松龙或异烟肼加利福平。泼尼松龙使慢灭活者和快灭活者的血浆异烟肼浓度均显著降低。它还增强了慢灭活者和快灭活者中异烟肼的肾清除率，并且仅在慢灭活者中增加了异烟肼的乙酰化速率。利福平对慢灭活者或快灭活者中异烟肼的生物转化均无影响。在第二项研究中，一组慢灭活者和快灭活者接受异烟肼和利福平，另一组还额外接受泼尼松龙。接受泼尼松龙的慢灭活者的血浆异烟肼浓度显著低于仅接受异烟肼和利福平的患者。在快灭活者中，两组患者的血浆异烟肼浓度相似，这表明同时服用利福平在很大程度上改变了泼尼松龙对这些患者中异烟肼生物转化的影响。
