Osborne C K, Yochmowitz M G, Knight W A, McGuire W L
Cancer. 1980 Dec 15;46(12 Suppl):2884-8. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19801215)46:12+<2884::aid-cncr2820461429>3.0.co;2-u.
The estrogen receptor (ER) assay has become a standard practice in the management of advanced breast cancer. Tumors lacking ER respond infrequently to endocrine therapy, whereas response rates of 50 to 60 percent are observed in ER+ tumors. Recent studies indicate that the ER status of the primary tumor is a good predictor of the endocrine dependence of metastatic tumors at the time of clinical relapse. Furthermore, the absence of ER in the primary tumor is an important independent prognostic indicator of higher rate of recurrence and shorter survival. Quantitative analysis of Er and an assay for progesterone receptor (PgR) are two methods for increasing the accuracy of selecting or rejecting patients for hormonal therapy; tumors with a high quantitative ER content or those with a positive PgR display the highest objective response rates. Preliminary analysis suggests that the presence of PgR may be a better marker of tumor hormone dependence than quantitative ER.
雌激素受体（ER）检测已成为晚期乳腺癌治疗的标准方法。缺乏ER的肿瘤对内分泌治疗反应罕见，而ER阳性肿瘤的反应率为50%至60%。最近的研究表明，原发性肿瘤的ER状态是临床复发时转移性肿瘤内分泌依赖性的良好预测指标。此外，原发性肿瘤中ER的缺失是复发率较高和生存期较短的重要独立预后指标。ER的定量分析和孕酮受体（PgR）检测是提高激素治疗患者选择或排除准确性的两种方法；ER含量高的肿瘤或PgR阳性的肿瘤显示出最高的客观反应率。初步分析表明，PgR的存在可能比ER定量分析是更好的肿瘤激素依赖性标志物。
