Riach C L, Reid J G
Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1980 Dec;5(4):220-5.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of specific muscles in supporting the elbow joint in full extension during a static weighted situation. Various forearm positions from pronation through supination were used to determine carrying efficiency by monitoring muscle activity. Fine-wire electrodes were inserted into the biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, and medial head of the triceps in order to record the action potentials of these muscles. The forearm was studied in four different positions: (1) prone, (2) relaxed or natural, (3) semiprone, and (4) supine. These positions were monitored by an elgon potentiometer. The loads for the subjects were from 2-20 kilograms. Reliability coefficients of repeated trials were significantly positive. It was concluded that the muscles played an important role in supporting the elbow in full extension during a detracting force and that there was no significant difference between the muscular activity of males and females. Of the four positions studied, the supine position required the most activity suggesting an inefficient carrying position. The triceps was significantly more active when the arm was in the prone position. The roles of muscle groups in supporting the fully extended elbow joint during a detracting force changed as the forearm moved between supination and pronation. The elbow flexors were most active in the supine position, while the elbow extensor muscle was most active in the prone position.
本研究的目的是调查在静态负重情况下特定肌肉在支持肘关节完全伸展时所起的作用。通过监测肌肉活动，利用从旋前到旋后的各种前臂位置来确定负重效率。将细钢丝电极插入肱二头肌、肱肌、肱桡肌和肱三头肌内侧头，以记录这些肌肉的动作电位。对前臂在四个不同位置进行了研究：（1）俯卧位，（2）放松或自然位，（3）半俯卧位，（4）仰卧位。这些位置通过埃尔贡电位计进行监测。受试者的负荷为2至20千克。重复试验的可靠性系数呈显著正相关。得出的结论是，在存在牵引力量时，这些肌肉在支持肘关节完全伸展方面发挥了重要作用，并且男性和女性的肌肉活动之间没有显著差异。在所研究的四个位置中，仰卧位需要的活动最多，表明这是一个低效的负重姿势。当手臂处于俯卧位时，肱三头肌的活动明显更活跃。在前臂在旋前和旋后之间移动时，肌肉群在存在牵引力量时支持完全伸展的肘关节的作用会发生变化。肘关节屈肌在仰卧位时最活跃，而肘关节伸肌在俯卧位时最活跃。
