Meyenburg M, Struck E, Hoffbauer H, Genz T
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 1980 Dec;40(12):1052-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1039530.
The results of 552 amniocenteses during the second trimester of pregnancy are reported. The amniocentesis were carried out under direct ultra-sonographic control. Six abnormal karyotypes were found and the pregnancies were terminated. Three spontaneous abortions due to intra-uterine infection following amniocentesis occurred. There were no maternal complications and no fetal injuries. 430 amniotic fluids were tested bacteriologically. Two samples showed E-coli and two samples grew staph epidermidis. The IGM values of 148 newborns with previous amniocentesis showed the same values as the IGM in newborns without amniocentesis during the pregnancy. Fetal monitoring prior and following the amniocentesis showed a temporary increase in uterine motility in 25% of the cases. Our observations and the review of the literature convinced us that complications of amniocentesis in the second trimester are rare. However, when complications occur the fetus and the pregnant woman are a serious risk. The fetal wastage caused by second trimester amniocentesis is approximately 0.5 to 1%. Therefore the patients must be informed about the risks very carefully prior to a second trimester amniocentesis.
报告了妊娠中期552例羊膜穿刺术的结果。羊膜穿刺术在直接超声控制下进行。发现6例染色体核型异常，妊娠终止。发生了3例因羊膜穿刺术后宫内感染导致的自然流产。无母体并发症，也无胎儿损伤。对430份羊水进行了细菌学检测。两份样本显示有大肠杆菌，两份样本培养出表皮葡萄球菌。148例曾接受羊膜穿刺术的新生儿的免疫球蛋白M（IgM）值与孕期未接受羊膜穿刺术的新生儿的IgM值相同。羊膜穿刺术前后的胎儿监测显示，25%的病例子宫活动暂时增加。我们的观察以及对文献的回顾使我们确信，妊娠中期羊膜穿刺术的并发症很少见。然而，当并发症发生时，胎儿和孕妇面临严重风险。妊娠中期羊膜穿刺术导致的胎儿丢失率约为0.5%至1%。因此，在妊娠中期羊膜穿刺术前，必须非常仔细地告知患者相关风险。
