De Tommasi S M, Carminati M, Invernizzi P, Troiani P, Velitti F, Tiraboschi R
G Ital Cardiol. 1980;10(9):1192-9.
13 cases of congenital heart diseases in patients having atrial situs inversus and dextrocardia, all studied by means of angiography, are described following an up to date segmental approach. The type of atrioventricular connection was concordant in the 11 biventricular hearts; double inlet in the 2 univentricular hearts. The mode was always via two atrioventricular valves. In two cases the atrioventricular flows realized a criss-cross condition, being horizontal the interventricular septum, superior the morphologically right ventricle and inferior the morphologically left ventricle. In none of the univentricular hearts was an accessory chamber identified; they were both considered to be of indeterminate type. Ventriculo-arterial connections were: concordant in 3 cases (23%), including one case of Tetralogy with pulmonary atresia; discordant in 3 cases (23%); double outlet in 7 cases *54%). The aortic valve was in the assumed position (left and posterior to the pulmonary valve) only in the 3 cases with concordant as a rule. A ventricular septal defect was actually found in all cases; in one it was associated with pulmonary vascular disease. Obstruction to the pulmonary flow (subvalvular, valvular or vascular) was ascertained in 85% of cases, whereas aortic obstruction was never found. Overall, important congenital heart malformations appear to be frequently associated with situs inversus and dextrocardia. The ventriculo-arterial junction is identified as the most affected point.
采用最新的节段性方法，描述了13例患有心房反位和右位心的先天性心脏病患者，所有患者均通过血管造影进行研究。在11例双心室心脏中，房室连接类型是一致的；在2例单心室心脏中为双入口。方式总是通过两个房室瓣。在2例中，房室血流呈交叉状态，室间隔呈水平位，形态学上的右心室在上，形态学上的左心室在下。在单心室心脏中均未发现附属腔室；两者均被认为是不确定类型。心室-动脉连接情况为：一致的有3例（23%），包括1例法洛四联症合并肺动脉闭锁；不一致的有3例（23%）；双出口的有7例（54%）。通常只有在3例一致的情况下，主动脉瓣才处于假定位置（在肺动脉瓣的左后方）。实际上在所有病例中均发现室间隔缺损；其中1例与肺血管疾病有关。在85%的病例中确定存在肺血流梗阻（瓣膜下、瓣膜或血管性），而从未发现主动脉梗阻。总体而言，重要的先天性心脏畸形似乎经常与心房反位和右位心相关。心室-动脉连接被确定为受影响最严重的部位。
