Treatment charges, payment sources, and disability from alcohol-related trauma.

We examined treatment charges and who paid them and disability for work, school, household activities, and activities of daily living according to identified use of alcohol before injury among 2,416 patients age 15 years or older from 22 northwestern Vermont communities. Over 90% received emergency department treatment only. Among patients reported to have consumed this drug mean hospital and physician charges, respectively, were $2,482 and $565; 31.7% did not pay any portion of their hospital bills, and 27.8% of their total bills were unpaid. Among patients not known to have consumed alcohol, mean hospital and physician charges were $601 and $158, respectively; 10.7% made no payments and 11.3% of their bills were unpaid. Bills of alcohol users more often were paid by Medicaid and less often by Workmen's Compensation or commercial insurance than were those of patients without alcohol. Users also were less likely than the nonalcohol group to pay physicians' bills for hospital care. Alcohol users experienced longer postinjury disability than did persons not known to have been drinking.