Pacy P J, Quevedo M, Gibson N R, Cox M, Koutedakis Y, Millward J
School of Health Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, UK.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1995 Mar;35(1):67-74.
The study was designed to evaluate the range of body composition in elite heavyweight oarswomen as well as the level of agreement between various methods used to measure this variable. Percent body fat was determined at the start of the competitive season by densitometry, taken to represent the reference standard, and measurement of total body potassium, skinfold thicknesses, bioelectrical impedance analysis and body mass index. The athletes were studied within a two week period with all measurements in any individual taken during one morning. We demonstrated a surprisingly large range of percent fat between these oarswomen, 13.6 to 29.3% by densitometry, which was a feature common to all methods. Percent body fat by total body potassium was lower (p < 0.05) while from body mass index higher (p < 0.01) than the reference value from densitometry. Similar methodologies generated significantly different estimates of % fat (SFT1 versus SFT2, p < 0.01 and BIAv versus BIAB, p < 0.01) highlighting the potential problems that may arise with the use of different regression equations to convert primary measurements into % fat. The limits of agreement between various methods were wide and reflect the large variability about the estimated mean bias. Practically this negates the correction of "non reference" values by adding or subtracting the mean difference or bias between the techniques in individuals. These methodological problems need to be considered when setting specific body composition targets for an athlete.
该研究旨在评估精英重量级女划桨运动员的身体成分范围，以及用于测量该变量的各种方法之间的一致性水平。在竞技赛季开始时，通过密度测定法确定体脂百分比，将其作为参考标准，并测量全身钾含量、皮褶厚度、生物电阻抗分析和体重指数。在两周内对运动员进行研究，任何个体的所有测量均在一个上午完成。我们发现这些女划桨运动员的体脂百分比范围惊人地大，通过密度测定法为13.6%至29.3%，这是所有方法共有的一个特征。通过全身钾含量测得的体脂百分比低于密度测定法的参考值（p < 0.05），而通过体重指数测得的则高于参考值（p < 0.01）。相似的方法得出了显著不同的体脂百分比估计值（SFT1与SFT2相比，p < 0.01；BIAv与BIAB相比，p < 0.01），这突出了使用不同回归方程将原始测量值转换为体脂百分比时可能出现的潜在问题。各种方法之间的一致性界限很宽，反映出估计平均偏差的较大变异性。实际上，这使得通过在个体中加减技术之间的平均差异或偏差来校正“非参考”值变得无效。在为运动员设定特定的身体成分目标时，需要考虑这些方法学问题。
