Parrish A R, Gandolfi A J, Brendel K
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
Life Sci. 1995;57(21):1887-901. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(95)02176-j.
Almost a decade has passed since the first paper describing the isolation and maintenance of precision-cut liver slices produced using a mechanical tissue slicer was published (1). Although tissue slices of various organs have been employed as an in vitro system for several decades, the lack of reproducibility within the slices and the relatively limited viability of the tissue preparations has prevented a widespread acceptance of the technique. The production of an automated slicer, capable of reproducibly producing relatively thin slices of tissue, as well as the development of a dynamic organ culture system, overcame several of these obstacles. Since that time, significant advances in the methods to produce and culture tissue slices have been made, as well as the application of the technique to several other organs, including kidney, lung and heart. This review will i) summarize the historical use of tissue slices prior to the development of the precision-cut tissue slice system; ii) briefly analyze current methods to produce precision-cut liver, kidney, lung and heart slices; and iii) discuss the applications of this powerful in vitro system to the disciplines of pharmacology and toxicology.
自第一篇描述使用机械组织切片机分离和维持精密肝切片的论文发表以来，已经过去了近十年（1）。尽管各种器官的组织切片作为体外系统已被使用了几十年，但切片内缺乏可重复性以及组织制剂的存活能力相对有限，阻碍了该技术的广泛应用。能够可重复地生产相对薄的组织切片的自动切片机的出现，以及动态器官培养系统的开发，克服了其中的一些障碍。从那时起，在组织切片的生产和培养方法方面取得了重大进展，该技术也应用于其他几个器官，包括肾脏、肺和心脏。本综述将：i）总结精密组织切片系统开发之前组织切片的历史应用；ii）简要分析当前生产精密肝、肾、肺和心脏切片的方法；iii）讨论这个强大的体外系统在药理学和毒理学学科中的应用。
