Heyn J E, Barry J R, Pollack R H
Exp Aging Res. 1978 Dec;4(6):505-19. doi: 10.1080/03610737808257172.
The purpose of this study was to investigate problem-solving ability as a function of age, sex and problem content by using 20 problems chosen from the problem-solving literature. The problems were administered without time limits to 8 males and 8 females in each of three age groups: 20--30, 40--50, 60--70. Analysis revealed that only age influenced performance with the middle-age group scoring significantly higher than the other groups. Analysis of the time required by each age group to solve the problems showed the young group required significantly less time than the other groups. Finally, the young group was seen to make more errors of commission while the older group made more errors of omission.
本研究的目的是通过使用从解决问题文献中选取的20个问题，来调查作为年龄、性别和问题内容函数的解决问题能力。这些问题在没有时间限制的情况下，对三个年龄组（20 - 30岁、40 - 50岁、60 - 70岁）中的每组8名男性和8名女性进行测试。分析表明，只有年龄影响表现，中年组的得分显著高于其他组。对每个年龄组解决问题所需时间的分析表明，年轻组所需时间显著少于其他组。最后，发现年轻组犯的错误多为主动错误，而年长组犯的错误多为被动错误。
