Antognozzi G, Buzzo P, Mori M, Ellena S, Triolo A
General Medicine Department of Genoa-Nervi Hospital.
Riv Eur Sci Med Farmacol. 1994 May-Aug;16(3-4):69-72.
The authors describe the pharmacological effects of theophylline and elucidate its mechanisms of action according to latest hypothesis. The narrow therapeutic range of the drug and the existence of factors capable of modifying its distribution and clearance in the elderly, are taken into consideration, as well. The behaviour of theophylline concentrations in two groups of elderly subjects affected by chronic bronchitis, treated respectively with intravenous aminophylline and anhydrous theophylline administered orally are assessed. Usefulness of associating the two routes of administration is underlined. In fact, the delay in the achievement of the therapeutic range observed after oral intake can be made up for by the initial peak induced by intravenous injection. Our observations in the elderly are consistent with the necessity of therapeutic monitoring. In addition, a careful dosage of the drug can avoid the occurrence of untoward effects.
作者描述了茶碱的药理作用，并根据最新假说阐明其作用机制。同时也考虑到该药物治疗窗狭窄以及存在能改变其在老年人中分布和清除的因素。评估了两组患有慢性支气管炎的老年受试者分别接受静脉注射氨茶碱和口服无水茶碱治疗后茶碱浓度的变化情况。强调了联合两种给药途径的有效性。事实上，口服给药后达到治疗范围的延迟可通过静脉注射诱导的初始峰值来弥补。我们在老年人中的观察结果与治疗监测的必要性相符。此外，谨慎用药可避免不良反应的发生。
