Okada Y, Shichiri Y, Ogawa O, Yoshida O
Dept. of Urology, Faculty of Medicine Kyoto University.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1995 Nov;22(13):1999-2005.
In the past ten years, the treatment of prostate cancer has undergone remarkable changes. Furthermore, systematic prostate biopsy under transrectal ultrasonography or the measurement of prostate specific antigen has provided significant improvement in the detection of prostate cancer. Considering the increasing detection of prostate cancer, it is very important to clarify prognostic parameters in order to select the optimal treatment of given patients with localized or advanced prostate cancer. Recent statistical analyses showed that tumor volume, lymph node involvement and Gleason score would be significant prognostic indicators in localized prostate cancer. In advanced cancer, the response to the initial endocrine therapy might be a good prognostic parameter in addition to the histopathological features of primary tumors. In order to determine the factors which predict the prognosis of prostate cancer more accurately, the molecular biological approach is now ongoing, and may provide novel parameters for the decision making in the treatment of prostate cancer.
在过去十年中，前列腺癌的治疗发生了显著变化。此外，经直肠超声引导下的系统性前列腺活检或前列腺特异性抗原检测在前列腺癌的检测方面有了显著改善。鉴于前列腺癌的检出率不断上升，明确预后参数对于为特定的局限性或晚期前列腺癌患者选择最佳治疗方案非常重要。最近的统计分析表明，肿瘤体积、淋巴结受累情况和 Gleason 评分是局限性前列腺癌的重要预后指标。在晚期癌症中，除了原发肿瘤的组织病理学特征外，对初始内分泌治疗的反应可能是一个良好的预后参数。为了更准确地确定预测前列腺癌预后的因素，目前正在进行分子生物学研究，这可能为前列腺癌治疗决策提供新的参数。
