Welleford E A, Harkins S W, Taylor J R
Department of Gerontology, MCV Station, Richmond 23298-0266, USA.
Exp Aging Res. 1995 Jul-Sep;21(3):295-314. doi: 10.1080/03610739508253986.
Using the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI), we evaluated caregivers' perceptions of personality prior to symptom onset and current personality in 36 individuals with a clinical diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT). Caregivers also completed the self form of the NEO-PI and an index of objective and subjective burden. Personality change in DAT was consistent with previous reports of increased neuroticism, decreased extraversion, and decreased conscientiousness, with smaller decreases in openness and agreeableness. Significant relationships were found among perceived present patient personality, caregiver personality, and caregiver burden. Regression analyses indicated that present patient conscientiousness and caregiver neuroticism were the best predictors of both objective and subjective burden, and these variables were found to contribute independently to caregivers' reported level of burden. To the extent that caregivers perceive specific behaviors and interferences negatively, cognitive and supportive interventions are likely to prove extremely beneficial.
我们使用大五人格量表（NEO-PI），对36名临床诊断为阿尔茨海默病型痴呆（DAT）的患者的照料者在症状出现前对患者人格的认知以及患者当前的人格进行了评估。照料者还完成了大五人格量表的自评表格以及一份客观和主观负担指数。DAT患者的人格变化与先前关于神经质增加、外向性降低和尽责性降低的报告一致，开放性和宜人性的降低幅度较小。在感知到的患者当前人格、照料者人格和照料者负担之间发现了显著关系。回归分析表明，患者当前的尽责性和照料者的神经质是客观和主观负担的最佳预测指标，并且发现这些变量独立地影响照料者报告的负担水平。就照料者消极地感知特定行为和干扰而言，认知和支持性干预可能被证明极其有益。
