[The calcium channels of cell membranes].

On the basis of the literature findings, the modern ideas about the structure and function of calcium canals of plasmatic and intracellular membranes of the living cells are generalized and systematized. The major electrophysiologic and chemical properties of the main groups and types of potential-controlled and receptor-controlled calcium canals are reviewed. The article gives the classification and nomenclature of the calcium canals as well as the characteristics of different types of calcium antagonists and the cases of their clinical application.