Klevens R M, Giovino G A, Peddicord J P, Nelson D E, Mowery P, Grummer-Strawn L
Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 1995 Jul-Aug;11(4):245-50.
Although the prevalence of smoking has decreased since 1980 among active duty military personnel, it remains higher than among the adult civilian population; among military veterans, the prevalence of smoking has not been well described. The objectives of this study were to describe patterns of cigarette smoking behaviors among United States veterans and nonveterans and to examine the association between military veteran status and cigarette smoking. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey from a national probability sample of the civilian, noninstitutionalized adult population (National Health Interview Survey supplements). We estimated the prevalence of ever, current, and former smoking, as well as crude and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of each outcome measure among veterans and nonveterans, by gender. The prevalence of ever smoking was 74.2% (+/- 0.7%) among veterans and 48.4% (+/- 0.5%) among nonveterans; current smoking prevalence was 33.9% (+/- 1.0%) among veterans and 27.7% (+/- 0.5%) among nonveterans. Among those who had not initiated smoking before the age of 18 years, veterans were more likely than nonveterans to report ever smoking (AOR = 1.8 for men and 1.9 for women) and current smoking (AOR = 1.9 for both men and women). After statistical adjustment, no difference was seen in cessation behavior. We concluded that the prevalence of ever and current smoking was higher among U.S. military veterans. The association was the strongest among veterans who had not initiated smoking before the age of 18 years. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that military service is a risk factor for cigarette smoking, and they support the military's current prevention and cessation efforts.
尽管自1980年以来现役军人的吸烟率有所下降，但仍高于成年平民人口；而退伍军人的吸烟率尚未得到充分描述。本研究的目的是描述美国退伍军人和非退伍军人的吸烟行为模式，并检验退伍军人身份与吸烟之间的关联。我们分析了来自全国概率抽样的非机构化成年平民人口横断面调查（国家健康访谈调查补充资料）的数据。我们按性别估计了曾经吸烟、当前吸烟和既往吸烟的患病率，以及退伍军人和非退伍军人中各结果指标的粗比值比和调整后比值比（AOR）。退伍军人中曾经吸烟的患病率为74.2%（±0.7%），非退伍军人中为48.4%（±0.5%）；当前吸烟患病率在退伍军人中为33.9%（±1.0%），在非退伍军人中为27.7%（±0.5%）。在18岁之前未开始吸烟的人群中，退伍军人比非退伍军人更有可能报告曾经吸烟（男性AOR = 1.8，女性AOR = 1.9）和当前吸烟（男性和女性AOR均为1.9）。经过统计调整后，戒烟行为没有差异。我们得出结论，美国退伍军人中曾经吸烟和当前吸烟的患病率较高。这种关联在18岁之前未开始吸烟的退伍军人中最为明显。这些发现与军事服役是吸烟风险因素的假设一致，并支持军方目前的预防和戒烟努力。
