Hulsmans F J, Castelijns J A, Reeders J W, Tytgat G N
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Clin Ultrasound. 1995 Oct;23(8):483-94. doi: 10.1002/jcu.1870230805.
Artifacts are inadequate representations of the structures being imaged. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) used for evaluating rectal tumors has its own, unique spectrum of artifacts such as (1) pseudomasses (beam thickness: imaging of rectal folds; mirror image: reflection at an intraluminal fluid level); (2) inadequate size of the lesion (mirror image or grating lobes); (3) simulation of malignant infiltration (beam thickness, attenuation or refraction); (4) incomplete field of view (shadowing; reverberation or mirror-image); (5) confusing echo patterns (side lobe artifacts or mirror image: reflection at the balloon surface). The understanding of the physical properties of ultrasound is the basis for the recognition of these artifacts and prevention of misinterpretation. We present a review of these artifacts and their causes.
伪像指成像结构的不充分表现。用于评估直肠肿瘤的经直肠超声（TRUS）有其自身独特的伪像类型，例如：（1）假肿块（束宽：直肠皱襞成像；镜像：腔内液平面反射）；（2）病变大小测量不准确（镜像或栅瓣）；（3）模拟恶性浸润（束宽、衰减或折射）；（4）视野不完整（声影；混响或镜像）；（5）回声模式混淆（旁瓣伪像或镜像：球囊表面反射）。理解超声的物理特性是识别这些伪像并防止误判的基础。我们对这些伪像及其成因进行综述。
