Oboegbulam S I, Oguike J U, Gugnani H C
Department of Veterinary Pathology & Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
J Commun Dis. 1995 Jun;27(2):97-100.
Eight hundred and nine patients suspected of having typhoid/enteric fever were investigated. Enteric fever bacilli (Salmonella typhi and S. paratyphi) were cultured from stool samples of 128 (16%) patients. Serological evidence of typhoid fever was obtained in 83 (13%) of 620 of the patients examined by the Widal test. The antibody titres ranged from 1:160 to 1:1280. A higher proportion of paratyphoid infection over typhoid infection was recorded both by culture (56%) and by the Widal test (63%). The predominant serotype was paratyphi C. Non-typhoid Salmonellae were recovered from stool samples of 60 patients, comprising five serovars, namely, S. typhimurium-22 strains, S. enteritidis-15, S. hardar-9, S. virchow-5, S. bredeney-3, and 6 non-typable strains. Shigella sonnei and S. flexneri were detected in diarrhoeic and semi-formed stools of 19 (2.3%) of the typhoid suspects. It is clear from the results of the study that though typhoid is endemic in South-East Nigeria and the number of cases may rise at certain periods of the year, the news of a current wave of epidemic of typhoid seem unfounded.
对809名疑似患伤寒/肠热病的患者进行了调查。从128名（16%）患者的粪便样本中培养出了肠热病杆菌（伤寒沙门氏菌和副伤寒沙门氏菌）。在通过肥达试验检测的620名患者中，有83名（13%）获得了伤寒热的血清学证据。抗体滴度范围为1:160至1:1280。无论是通过培养（56%）还是通过肥达试验（63%），副伤寒感染的比例均高于伤寒感染。主要血清型为副伤寒丙型。从60名患者的粪便样本中分离出了非伤寒沙门氏菌，包括5个血清型，即鼠伤寒沙门氏菌22株、肠炎沙门氏菌15株、哈达尔沙门氏菌9株、维尔肖沙门氏菌5株、布雷登尼沙门氏菌3株以及6株无法分型的菌株。在19名（2.3%）伤寒疑似患者的腹泻和成形粪便中检测到了宋内志贺氏菌和福氏志贺氏菌。从研究结果可以清楚地看出，尽管伤寒在尼日利亚东南部为地方病，且病例数可能在一年中的某些时期有所上升，但当前伤寒流行浪潮的消息似乎毫无根据。
