Katz R C, Meyers K, Walls J
Psychology Department, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, USA.
J Behav Med. 1995 Aug;18(4):377-84. doi: 10.1007/BF01857661.
Participants in this study (N = 178) were poorly informed about risk factors, warning signs, and self-examination (SE) practices for two common cancers in young adults, testicular cancer in men and breast cancer in women. Compared to women, men were less likely to know about, see the importance of, or practice SE. We found no relationship between internal locus of control, hypochondriasis, and loneliness, on the one hand, and cancer knowledge and SE, on the other. The best predictors of cancer awareness and SE were fear of developing cancer and self-rated confidence that SE was being done correctly. The results are consistent with a health belief model and self-efficacy theory of health behavior.
本研究的参与者（N = 178）对年轻成年人中两种常见癌症——男性睾丸癌和女性乳腺癌的风险因素、警示信号及自我检查（SE）做法了解甚少。与女性相比，男性知晓、认识到或进行自我检查的可能性更低。我们发现，一方面，内控点、疑病症和孤独感，与另一方面的癌症知识和自我检查之间没有关联。癌症认知和自我检查的最佳预测因素是对患癌的恐惧以及自我评定的对正确进行自我检查的信心。研究结果与健康信念模型和健康行为自我效能理论相一致。
