Boeger A, Seiffge-Krenke I
Institut für Psychologie, Universität Bonn.
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr. 1994 Mar;22(1):5-15.
In a prospective four-year longitudinal study 108 adolescents with diabetes and 107 healthy adolescents are being compared. In this paper data are presented from the initial assessment, in which psychopathology in the two groups was compared. In addition, the effect of diabetes on psychosocial development was examined. Several questionnaires were administered to assess symptomatology, self-concept and progress on certain developmental tasks. Regarding symptomatology, diabetic youths described themselves as more normal, i.e. having fewer clinical symptoms, than did the healthy controls. In addition, they had remarkably high scores on a scale of social desirability. This latter result points to a defence mechanism. Only the group of males with poorly controlled diabetes openly acknowledged that they had problems. All of the diabetics showed clear delays in psychosocial development compared with their healthy agemates. There were significant delays in developmental areas involving achievement of autonomy from parents and orientation towards member of one's own age group (regardless of sex), and the subjects with diabetes put less emphasis than the healthy controls on the importance of being successful in these areas in the future.
在一项为期四年的前瞻性纵向研究中，对108名患有糖尿病的青少年和107名健康青少年进行了比较。本文呈现了初始评估的数据，其中对两组的精神病理学进行了比较。此外，还研究了糖尿病对心理社会发展的影响。使用了几份问卷来评估症状、自我概念以及在某些发展任务上的进展。关于症状，患有糖尿病的青少年认为自己比健康对照组更正常，即临床症状更少。此外，他们在社会期望量表上的得分显著较高。后一个结果指向一种防御机制。只有糖尿病控制不佳的男性组公开承认他们有问题。与健康的同龄人相比，所有糖尿病患者在心理社会发展方面都明显滞后。在涉及从父母那里获得自主以及以自己年龄组的成员为导向（无论性别）的发展领域存在显著滞后，并且患有糖尿病的受试者比健康对照组对未来在这些领域取得成功的重要性的重视程度更低。
