Crittenden P, Rao M
Department of Public Health, North Essex Health Authority.
Commun Dis Rep CDR Rev. 1994 Jun 24;4(7):R79-81.
Attention to local uptake of childhood immunisation is fundamental to the achievement of national targets. The aim of this investigation was to discover whether local interventions by the immunisation coordinator in a district health authority improved uptake. The immunisation coordinator and a public health nurse determined the immunisation uptake in their locality. They made inquiries, and responded to general practitioners and health visitors who asked them to help encourage persistent non-attenders to consent to immunisation. All interventions intended to encourage parents to consent to immunisation (such as telephone calls, letters, and home visits), and their outcomes, were monitored. The uptake of immunisation was remeasured after one year. Ninety-three children were identified whose parents had not responded to repeated invitations for immunisation. Eleven cases were lost to follow up: the families of 10 children had moved out of the area, and one child had died. The remaining 82 children could be divided into two groups: one group, of 49 children, was due for primary vaccination (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and polio, and measles, mumps, and rubella), and a second group, of 33 children, was due for the preschool (diphtheria, tetanus, and polio) booster. Fifty-eight of the 82 children were vaccinated as a result of the intervention. All but two general practices achieved the 90% target for uptake. The review showed that the locality as a whole achieved greater vaccine coverage. The biggest improvement was in the preschool booster uptake, which rose from 87% to 90%.
关注儿童免疫接种的本地接种率是实现国家目标的根本。本调查的目的是探究地区卫生当局的免疫接种协调员进行的本地干预措施是否能提高接种率。免疫接种协调员和一名公共卫生护士确定了他们所在地区的免疫接种率。他们进行询问，并回复那些请他们帮忙鼓励一直未接种的儿童家长同意接种的全科医生和健康访视员。所有旨在鼓励家长同意接种的干预措施（如电话、信件和家访）及其结果都受到了监测。一年后重新测量了免疫接种率。确定了93名其家长未对多次接种邀请做出回应的儿童。11例失访：10名儿童的家庭搬离了该地区，1名儿童死亡。其余82名儿童可分为两组：一组49名儿童应进行基础疫苗接种（白喉、破伤风、百日咳、脊髓灰质炎以及麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹），另一组33名儿童应进行学龄前（白喉、破伤风和脊髓灰质炎）加强接种。82名儿童中有58名因干预措施而接种了疫苗。除两家全科诊所外，所有诊所都达到了90% 的接种率目标。审查表明，整个地区实现了更高的疫苗接种覆盖率。最大的改善是学龄前加强接种率，从87% 提高到了90%。
