Pilarski L M, Masellis-Smith A, Belch A R, Yang B, Savani R C, Turley E A
Department of Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Leuk Lymphoma. 1994 Aug;14(5-6):363-74. doi: 10.3109/10428199409049691.
RHAMM (Receptor for HA Mediated Motility) is a novel HA receptor that has been linked to regulating cell locomotion and density dependent contact inhibition of fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, astrocytes and sperm. The ubiquitous expression of RHAMM suggests the existence of multiple isoforms, and indeed, RHAMM is found in various cellular compartments, namely nuclear, cytosolic, membrane-bound and extracellular. In this review, we emphasize the evolving role of RHAMM in B cell malignancies, and examine the function of RHAMM in T cell development in the thymic microenvironment. Both the motile behaviour of progenitor thymocytes (CD3-CD4-CD8-) and malignant B cells from multiple myeloma (MM), plasma cell leukemia, and hairy cell leukemia was blocked by monoclonal antibodies to RHAMM, suggesting that motility may correlate with increased expression of RHAMM at the cell surface. Interestingly, the soluble form of RHAMM is able to inhibit fibroblast locomotion, and it is likely that a balance between expression of both forms determines, in part the motility of cells. RHAMM appears to play a fundamental role in the immune system and the ability of RHAMM to function as a motility receptor is likely to be due to complex variables including the extent to which soluble RHAMM is secreted. RHAMM expression characterizes circulating monoclonal B cells as abnormal. potentially invasive and/or metastatic components of myeloma and may underlie the malignant behavior of these cells.
透明质酸介导运动受体（RHAMM）是一种新型的透明质酸受体，它与调节细胞运动以及成纤维细胞、平滑肌细胞、巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞、星形胶质细胞和精子的密度依赖性接触抑制有关。RHAMM的广泛表达表明存在多种异构体，事实上，在各种细胞区室中都发现了RHAMM，即细胞核、细胞质、膜结合和细胞外区室。在这篇综述中，我们强调了RHAMM在B细胞恶性肿瘤中不断演变的作用，并研究了RHAMM在胸腺微环境中T细胞发育中的功能。针对RHAMM的单克隆抗体可阻断祖胸腺细胞（CD3-CD4-CD8-）以及来自多发性骨髓瘤（MM）、浆细胞白血病和毛细胞白血病的恶性B细胞的运动行为，这表明运动可能与细胞表面RHAMM表达增加相关。有趣的是，RHAMM的可溶性形式能够抑制成纤维细胞运动，两种形式的表达之间的平衡可能部分决定了细胞的运动性。RHAMM似乎在免疫系统中发挥着重要作用，并且RHAMM作为运动受体发挥功能的能力可能归因于复杂的变量，包括可溶性RHAMM的分泌程度。RHAMM表达将循环中的单克隆B细胞表征为异常的、骨髓瘤潜在的侵袭性和/或转移性成分，并且可能是这些细胞恶性行为的基础。
