Von Heland M, Casale P
Department of Urology U. Bracci, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
Arch Esp Urol. 1994 Nov;47(9):873-81; discussion 881-2.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a benign disease characterized in a high percentage by cervico-urethral disorders. With regard to the obstructive aspect, this is the result of two components: mechanic and dynamic. The mechanic component is a direct consequence of the obstruction caused by enlargement of the prostate gland and the urethral deformation. The dynamic, on the other hand, is derived from the increase in tone of the smooth muscle following stimulation by adrenoreceptor alpha, localized at the level of the bladder neck, prostatic urethra and prostatic capsule. The use of alpha blockers in the treatment of BPH has the goal of intervening in the effects of the obstruction acting on the dynamic components. The use of alpha-blockers drugs, as explained in published literature, shows more or less satisfactorily, a significant symptomatic improvement and consequently an improvement in the quality of life. But the use of alpha blocker presently available may be considered as an unspecific or primitive, strictly symptomatic treatment for irritative symptoms for those who desire to postpone surgery, or in the cases in which surgery is not recommended or refused by the patient, and finally, to prevent acute urinary retention while the patient is waiting for surgery.
良性前列腺增生（BPH）是一种良性疾病，在很大比例上以宫颈尿道疾病为特征。就梗阻方面而言，这是由两个因素导致的结果：机械性因素和动力性因素。机械性因素是前列腺增大和尿道变形所引起梗阻的直接后果。另一方面，动力性因素则源于位于膀胱颈部、前列腺尿道和前列腺包膜水平的α肾上腺素能受体受到刺激后平滑肌张力的增加。在BPH治疗中使用α受体阻滞剂的目的是干预梗阻对动力性因素的影响。正如已发表文献中所解释的那样α受体阻滞剂药物的使用或多或少令人满意地显示出症状有显著改善，从而生活质量也得到提高。但是，目前可用的α受体阻滞剂对于那些希望推迟手术的患者、或者在患者不建议或拒绝手术的情况下，可被视为一种非特异性或原始的、严格针对刺激性症状的对症治疗方法，最后，在患者等待手术期间预防急性尿潴留。
