Pizzoccaro M, Valtorta A, Cappellano F, Sironi D, Catanzaro F
Divisione di Urologia, Ospedale di Desio.
Arch Ital Urol Androl. 1994 Sep;66(4 Suppl):77-80.
The Authors report their experience in the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma by means of DRE, TRUS and PSA. They emphasize the improvement of diagnosis given by these exams when used in association, despite a high rate of false positives. In the years 92-93, 182 patients underwent ecoguided prostatic biopsy after DRE and PSA evaluation. PSA density value was calculated as proposed by Benson (PSAD = PSA/V); this parameter should screen between PSA elevation due to BPH and those due to prostatic carcinoma. After their experience, even if limited, they conclude that TRUS should not be used as a "first-line test" but only in patients with abnormal findings in DRE and/or PSA. PSAD may be useful to improve specificity of PSA even if a precise cut-off can not be determined.
作者报告了他们通过直肠指诊（DRE）、经直肠超声检查（TRUS）和前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）诊断前列腺癌的经验。他们强调，尽管假阳性率较高，但这些检查联合使用时可提高诊断准确性。在1992 - 1993年期间，182例患者在进行DRE和PSA评估后接受了超声引导下的前列腺活检。按照本森提出的方法计算PSA密度值（PSAD = PSA/体积）；该参数应能区分良性前列腺增生（BPH）导致的PSA升高和前列腺癌导致的PSA升高。根据他们的经验，尽管有限，但他们得出结论，TRUS不应作为“一线检查”，而仅用于DRE和/或PSA检查结果异常的患者。即使无法确定精确的临界值，PSAD可能有助于提高PSA的特异性。
