Tedder T F, Steeber D A, Chen A, Engel P
Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
FASEB J. 1995 Jul;9(10):866-73.
The selectin family of adhesion molecules mediates the initial attachment of leukocytes to venular endothelial cells before their firm adhesion and diapedesis at sites of tissue injury and inflammation. The selectin family consists of three closely related cell-surface molecules with differential expression by leukocytes (L-selectin), platelets (P-selectin), and vascular endothelium (E- and P-selectin). The selectins have characteristic extracellular regions composed of an amino-terminal lectin domain that binds a carbohydrate ligand, an epidermal growth factor-like domain, and two to nine short repeat units homologous to domains found in complement binding proteins. In contrast to most other adhesion molecules, selectin function is restricted to leukocyte interactions with vascular endothelium. Multiple studies indicate that the selectins mediate neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte rolling along the venular wall. The generation of selectin-deficient mice has confirmed these findings and provided further insight into how the overlapping functions of these receptors regulate inflammatory processes. Selectin-directed therapeutic agents are now proven to be effective in blocking many of the pathological effects resulting from leukocyte entry into sites of inflammation. Future studies are focused on how the selectins interact with the increasing array of other adhesion molecules and inflammatory mediators.
黏附分子选择素家族介导白细胞在组织损伤和炎症部位牢固黏附及穿出血管之前，与小静脉内皮细胞的初始黏附。选择素家族由三个密切相关的细胞表面分子组成，白细胞（L-选择素）、血小板（P-选择素）和血管内皮（E-选择素和P-选择素）对其有不同表达。选择素具有特征性的细胞外区域，由一个结合碳水化合物配体的氨基末端凝集素结构域、一个表皮生长因子样结构域以及两到九个与补体结合蛋白中发现的结构域同源的短重复单元组成。与大多数其他黏附分子不同，选择素的功能仅限于白细胞与血管内皮的相互作用。多项研究表明，选择素介导中性粒细胞、单核细胞和淋巴细胞沿小静脉壁滚动。选择素缺陷小鼠的产生证实了这些发现，并进一步深入了解了这些受体的重叠功能如何调节炎症过程。现已证明，针对选择素的治疗药物可有效阻断白细胞进入炎症部位所产生的许多病理效应。未来的研究集中于选择素如何与越来越多的其他黏附分子和炎症介质相互作用。
