Schor A M, Canfield A E, Sutton A B, Arciniegas E, Allen T D
CRC Department of Medical Oncology, Manchester University, Christie Hospital NHS Trust, UK.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1995 Apr(313):81-91.
Pericytes are defined in vivo by their location: They are embedded within the basement membrane of microvessels. They form an integral part of the microvascular wall and are believed to participate in angiogenesis, although their precise role is not clear. Pericytes derived from the retinal microvasculature have been cultured and identified by a series of phenotypic characteristics that clearly distinguishes them from other stromal cells such as smooth muscle cells. Pericytes in vitro form multicellular nodules rich in extracellular matrix. This matrix becomes mineralized in the presence of growth medium containing serum, without exogenous beta-glycerophosphate. These results indicate that pericytes represent primitive mesenchymal cells able to differentiate into an osteogenic phenotype. Pericyte differentiation also is defined by alterations in their response to transforming growth factor beta 1 and changes in the synthesis and/or deposition of various extracellular matrix proteins such as laminin, Type IV collagen, tenascin, Type X collagen osteonectin, and thrombospondin-1. Angiogenesis is associated commonly with mineralization. These data suggest that pericytes may contribute to mineralization in vivo.
它们嵌入在微血管的基底膜内。它们构成微血管壁的一个组成部分，尽管其确切作用尚不清楚，但据信参与血管生成。源自视网膜微血管系统的周细胞已通过一系列表型特征进行培养和鉴定，这些特征将它们与其他基质细胞如平滑肌细胞清楚地区分开来。体外培养的周细胞形成富含细胞外基质的多细胞结节。在含有血清但无外源性β-甘油磷酸的生长培养基存在下，这种基质会矿化。这些结果表明，周细胞代表能够分化为成骨表型的原始间充质细胞。周细胞的分化还通过它们对转化生长因子β1反应的改变以及各种细胞外基质蛋白（如层粘连蛋白、IV型胶原、腱生蛋白、X型胶原、骨连接素和血小板反应蛋白-1）合成和/或沉积的变化来定义。血管生成通常与矿化相关。这些数据表明，周细胞可能在体内促进矿化。
