Fibroblast growth factors alter light responses and dark voltage in retinal rods of the frog (Rana temporaria).

Fibroblast growth factors (FGF-1 and FGF-2) were applied intracellularly via whole-cell patch-clamp electrodes while the membrane voltage was recorded simultaneously. During recording the exchange of substances by diffusion between cytosol and pipette medium affects the cell's function. Under control conditions, the loss of nucleotides is reflected by a slow hyperpolarization of the dark voltage and prolongated light responses. Addition of FGF-1 and FGF-2 to the pipette medium accelerated the time course of the hyperpolarization and intensified the prolongation of the light responses. The depolarization of photoreceptor cells after intracellular application of the nitric oxide (NO)-synthase cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and the stabilization of light response recovery by L-arginine is abolished by FGF-2. FGF-2 was ineffective when it was applied together with the calcium chelator ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethylether)tetraacetate (EGTA). The results indicate a possible role of FGF in the regulation of NO and calcium in photoreceptor cells and may explain protective effects of FGF in degenerative processes of photoreceptor cells.