Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome arms 5q, 11p, 11q, 13q, and 16p in human testicular germ cell tumors.

To identify common regions of deletion in human testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), we have screened tumors from 33 patients for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) using Southern blot analysis with 39 polymorphic markers covering 21 chromosome arms. Losses in more than 2 tumors and occurring at a frequency of > 10% were found on chromosome arms 5q, 11p, 11q, 13q, and 16p, the highest being on chromosome arm 5q (19%). It is suggested that tumor suppressor genes on 5q among others may be involved in testicular tumorigenesis and that LOH in this region requires further investigation. No losses were found on 12q and 17p despite the fact that the most common cytogenetic abnormality in TGCTs is an i(12p) and that the TP53 gene on 17p is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers. The level of allelic imbalance varied considerably from one chromosome region to another (0-80%) and did not generally reflect the pattern of LOH. It tended to be high in overrepresented regions of the genome, 1q, 7p, and 12p. The tumor from one patient had a seminomatous component and a less differentiated component. We provide evidence for a common origin of both components and show that it is likely that this tumor has progressed from the seminoma to the less differentiated histology.