Macara L, Kingdom J C, Kohnen G, Bowman A W, Greer I A, Kaufmann P
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Glasgow, UK.
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1995 Oct;102(10):807-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1995.tb10847.x.
To assess the elaboration of placental stem villous vessels from pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) with absent end-diastolic flow velocity detected prior to delivery in the umbilical artery.
Comparison between IUGR and control groups of the distribution, in 15 microns increments of 600 randomly chosen stem vessel profiles (post-fixation diameter 10-160 microns) identified by immunohistochemical localisation of alpha-smooth muscle actin in the vessel media.
Clinical teaching hospital and university anatomy department.
Paraffin-fixed blocks obtained from placentas of eight pregnancies complicated by IUGR and eight gestational age-matched controls.
The distribution of the stem villous vessels in the IUGR placentas, as assessed by the mean vessel diameter in each case, did not differ from the controls (mean vessel diameter 31.8 microns [SD 2.4] vs 29.6 microns [2.3]; P = 0.13). In five IUGR cases alpha-smooth muscle actin positive cells (myofibroblasts) were identified within the stroma of nonmuscularised peripheral (mature intermediate and terminal) villi, but in none of the controls.
Our data do not support the theory that IUGR with absent end-diastolic flow velocity in the umbilical artery is due to a selective loss of small stem villous vessels. The increased impedance in this condition may be conferred more distally within the nonmuscularised capillaries of the peripheral villi.
评估分娩前脐动脉舒张末期血流速度消失的、合并宫内生长受限（IUGR）的妊娠中胎盘干绒毛血管的发育情况。
通过免疫组织化学定位血管中层的α平滑肌肌动蛋白，以15微米的增量对600个随机选择的干血管轮廓（固定后直径10 - 160微米）进行分布比较，IUGR组与对照组进行对比。
临床教学医院和大学解剖学系。
从8例合并IUGR的妊娠胎盘和8例孕周匹配的对照胎盘获取的石蜡固定块。
通过每组病例的平均血管直径评估，IUGR胎盘的干绒毛血管分布与对照组无差异（平均血管直径31.8微米[标准差2.4]对29.6微米[2.3]；P = 0.13）。在5例IUGR病例中，在未肌化的外周（成熟中间和终末）绒毛基质内发现了α平滑肌肌动蛋白阳性细胞（肌成纤维细胞），但对照组均未发现。
我们的数据不支持脐动脉舒张末期血流速度消失的IUGR是由于小干绒毛血管选择性缺失的理论。这种情况下增加的阻抗可能更多地在外周绒毛未肌化的毛细血管中更远端产生。
