Astroglia proliferate in response to oxytocin and vasopressin.

The effects of the peptides oxytocin and vasopressin on the proliferation of cultured cortical and hypothalamic astroglia were assessed by two corroborative methods. Both hemocytometer cell counts, and immunocytochemistry for bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression indicate that oxytocin increases the rate of proliferation of both cortical and hypothalamic astroglia. While vasopressin also had an effect on cortical cells, no conclusive evidence for vasopressin affecting proliferation of hypothalamic astroglia was found.