Zigmont E A, Connelly J F
Department of Pharmacy Services, Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23286-0441, USA.
Am J Health Syst Pharm. 1995 Jul 15;52(14):1514-6, 1518. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/52.14.1514.
The treatment of chronic hypertension in patients unable to take oral medications is challenging. Little information on the comparative safety and efficacy of i.v. alternatives is available. Hydralazine, methyldopate, enalaprilat, and nicardipine appear to be the best options for patients temporarily requiring i.v. medications for controlling chronic hypertension. Therapy should be selected on the basis of the individual patient's needs and diseases, the potential for adverse events, the monitoring required, drug costs, and the expected duration of therapy. The choices may be limited, but understanding the proper use of i.v. antihypertensives should enhance blood pressure control and patient care.
对于无法口服药物的慢性高血压患者的治疗颇具挑战性。关于静脉注射替代药物的比较安全性和疗效的信息有限。肼屈嗪、甲多巴酯、依那普利拉和尼卡地平似乎是暂时需要静脉注射药物来控制慢性高血压患者的最佳选择。应根据个体患者的需求和疾病、不良事件的可能性、所需的监测、药物成本以及预期的治疗持续时间来选择治疗方法。选择可能有限，但了解静脉注射抗高血压药物的正确使用方法应能加强血压控制并改善患者护理。
