Rowley H, Jones A S, Field J K
Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Liverpool, UK.
Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1995 Jun;20(3):266-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2273.1995.tb01864.x.
The present study analyses tumour samples from 41 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect genetic alterations on chromosome 18. Microsatellite markers were used to examine each sample for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability. Genetic alterations were most commonly noted on the long arm of chromosome 18 (18q). LOH/microsatellite instability occurred on 18q in 20/41 (49%) of patients. The highest single incidence of LOH was found at 18q21.1-21.3 using the microsatellite marker D18S35. LOH occurred in 10/30 (33%) informative cases while LOH/microsatellite instability occurred in 13/30 (43%) informative cases using this marker. Interestingly the tumour suppressor gene known as the 'deleted in colonic carcinoma' (DCC) gene is located in this region at 18q21.3 but is not commonly lost. This suggests that the marker D18S35 is mapping close to a second as yet unidentified tumour suppressor gene in this area.
本研究运用聚合酶链反应（PCR）分析了41例头颈部鳞状细胞癌（SCCHN）患者的肿瘤样本，以检测18号染色体上的基因改变。使用微卫星标记检查每个样本的杂合性缺失（LOH）和微卫星不稳定性。基因改变最常出现在18号染色体长臂（18q）上。20/41（49%）的患者在18q出现了LOH/微卫星不稳定性。使用微卫星标记D18S35，在18q21.1 - 21.3处发现LOH的单一发生率最高。在使用该标记的30例信息充分的病例中，10/30（33%）出现了LOH，13/30（43%）出现了LOH/微卫星不稳定性。有趣的是，被称为“结肠癌缺失基因”（DCC）的肿瘤抑制基因位于18q21.3的该区域，但通常不会缺失。这表明标记D18S35定位在该区域一个尚未确定的第二个肿瘤抑制基因附近。
