Egarter C, Putz M, Strohmer H, Speiser P, Wenzl R, Huber J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Vienna, Austria.
Contraception. 1995 Jun;51(6):329-33. doi: 10.1016/0010-7824(95)00096-s.
Lowering the total steroid dose in modern oral contraceptives (OCs) has been connected with a higher incidence of ovarian follicle and cyst formation. To investigate the presence of ovarian follicles and cysts by means of vaginal ultrasonography and serum hormone determinations during use of two low-dose OCs, 65 volunteers were randomized to receive either 20 micrograms ethinylestradiol (EE) + 150 micrograms desogestrel (group A) or 35 micrograms EE + 250 micrograms norgestimate (group B) for a 2-month study period. At baseline, 39% of women in group A and 31% in group B exhibited at least one follicle < 35 mm in diameter. By the end of the second treatment cycle, the frequency of these follicles had decreased to 14% in each group. Only one subject in the higher estrogen group developed an ovarian cyst > 35 mm. One subject in each group demonstrated hormone levels characteristic of ovulation; no pregnancy occurred in either group. The 20 micrograms EE preparation was not found to lead more often to ovarian follicles or cysts when compared with a 35 micrograms EE preparation, possibly because of the type and dose of the progestogen used.
现代口服避孕药（OCs）中总甾体剂量的降低与卵巢卵泡和囊肿形成的发生率较高有关。为了通过阴道超声检查和血清激素测定来研究在使用两种低剂量OCs期间卵巢卵泡和囊肿的存在情况，65名志愿者被随机分为两组，在为期2个月的研究期间，一组接受20微克炔雌醇（EE）+ 150微克去氧孕烯（A组），另一组接受35微克EE + 250微克诺孕酯（B组）。基线时，A组39%的女性和B组31%的女性至少有一个直径< 35 mm的卵泡。到第二个治疗周期结束时，每组中这些卵泡的频率均降至14%。雌激素含量较高的组中只有一名受试者出现了直径> 35 mm的卵巢囊肿。每组各有一名受试者表现出排卵的激素水平；两组均未发生妊娠。与35微克EE制剂相比，未发现20微克EE制剂更常导致卵巢卵泡或囊肿，这可能是由于所使用的孕激素的类型和剂量所致。
