Stitcher D L, Harris L W, Heyl W C, Alter S C
Drug Chem Toxicol. 1978;1(4):355-62. doi: 10.3109/01480547809016047.
Soman reduced blood and brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity to less than 15% and increased cerebral acetylcholine (ACh) levels to 137.4% of control. When pyridostigmine (P) was used as a prophylactic adjunct, it reduced blood ChE activity to 31.6% of control, failed to significantly alter brain ChE activity, and protected more than 70% of the blood (but not brain enzyme) from phosphonylation by soman. Benactyzine (B) was more effective than atropine (A) in reducing cerebral ACh concentrations, while a combination of the two was more effective than either alone. A prophylaxis of P + A + B was effective in controlling ACh levels in rats poisoned with one LD50 dose of Soman. Since P did not diminish the effects of the cholinolytics on cerebral ACh, this (together with the enzyme data) suggests that the two cholinolytics alone provided the central protection.
梭曼可使血液和脑胆碱酯酶（ChE）活性降至15%以下，并使脑乙酰胆碱（ACh）水平增至对照值的137.4%。当将吡啶斯的明（P）用作预防性辅助药物时，它可使血液ChE活性降至对照值的31.6%，未能显著改变脑ChE活性，并保护超过70%的血液（而非脑酶）免受梭曼的磷酰化作用。苯那辛（B）在降低脑ACh浓度方面比阿托品（A）更有效，而两者联合使用比单独使用任何一种都更有效。P + A + B联合预防对控制经一个半数致死剂量梭曼中毒的大鼠的ACh水平有效。由于P并未减弱胆碱解抗剂对脑ACh的作用，这一点（连同酶数据）表明仅这两种胆碱解抗剂就提供了中枢保护作用。
