Thakur J S, Negi P C, Ahluwalia S K, Sharma R, Bhardwaj R
Department of Community Medicine, Cardiology and Paediatrics, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla.
Indian Heart J. 1995 May-Jun;47(3):232-5.
A stratified random sample of 15,080 school going children out of 40,950 children in the age group of 5 to 16 years were screened for the prevalence of congenital heart disease and rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease. Thirty children were found to be suffering from definite congenital heart disease giving a prevalence of 2.25 per thousand. Atrial septal defect was the commonest lesion (38.2%) with a prevalence of 0.87 per thousand followed by ventricular septal defect (32.2%) with a prevalence of 0.73 per thousand. The prevalence of congenital heart disease was found to be significantly more in female (3.3 per thousand) than in male children (1.4 per thousand) (p < 0.05). Three (8.8%) cases had a family history of congenital heart disease. Rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease was found to have a significant prevalence among cases with congenital heart disease (8.8%) as compared to children without congenital heart disease (0.3%) (p < 0.001). The findings suggest the need for screening of family members of those suffering from congenital heart disease and that special attention be paid to the occurrence of rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease in cases of congenital heart disease.
在40950名5至16岁的儿童中，采用分层随机抽样的方法对15080名在校儿童进行了先天性心脏病以及风湿热/风湿性心脏病患病率的筛查。结果发现有30名儿童患有确诊的先天性心脏病，患病率为千分之2.25。房间隔缺损是最常见的病变类型（38.2%），患病率为千分之0.87，其次是室间隔缺损（32.2%），患病率为千分之0.73。研究发现，先天性心脏病在女童中的患病率（千分之3.3）显著高于男童（千分之1.4）（p < 0.05）。有3例（8.8%）病例有先天性心脏病家族史。与无先天性心脏病的儿童（0.3%）相比，风湿热/风湿性心脏病在先天性心脏病患者中的患病率显著更高（8.8%）（p < 0.001）。这些研究结果表明，有必要对先天性心脏病患者的家庭成员进行筛查，并且对于先天性心脏病患者，应特别关注风湿热/风湿性心脏病的发生情况。
