Adverse reactions associated with nefopam.

AIM

To review postmarketing experience of adverse reactions associated with nefopam.

METHODS

Spontaneous reports of adverse reactions associated with nefopam over a 12 year period received by the New Zealand Centre for Adverse Reactions Monitoring were reviewed.

RESULTS

There were 70 reports of adverse reactions thought to be causally related to nefopam, most of which appear to be predictable extensions of the pharmacological effect of nefopam, and included confusion, hallucinations, convulsions, dizziness, headache, sweating, urinary retention, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia and palpitations. The first report of angina is described. Convulsions occurred in a stable epileptic in whom nefopam was contraindicated, and in another where the seizure threshold may have been lowered by a concomitant tricyclic antidepressant.

CONCLUSIONS

Nefopam can cause unpleasant adverse effects and there are important cautions and contraindications with this analgesic. A clearer presentation of its basic pharmacology in the datasheet should help to ensure appropriate use.