McKarns S C, Smith C J, Payne V M, Doolittle D J
Bowman Gray Technical Center, R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Mod Pathol. 1995 May;8(4):434-40.
Current evidence indicates that life-style factors can affect the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The life-style of cigarette smokers, as a group, differs in many ways from that of nonsmokers. Most studies that compare clinical pathologic findings related to atherogenic and thrombogenic risk in smokers and nonsmokers do not adequately control for most of the life-style differences between these two groups. In this study, a number of atherogenic risk factors (cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein/cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose) and thrombogenic risk factors (total white blood cell count, total red blood cell count; percent of monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils; interleukin-1, leukotriene B4, hematocrit, hemoglobin, bilirubin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, platelet count, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen) were compared in male and female cigarette smokers and non-smokers who were selected to have approximately similar self-reported life-styles (i.e., food, alcohol, and vitamin consumption and exercise level). However, the smokers (male and female) consumed more coffee (P < 0.05) than the nonsmokers. A trend toward blue-collar versus white collar occupational status was also observed in the male smokers relative to male nonsmokers. Cigarette consumption and urinary cotinine and carboxyhemoglobin levels did not differ between male and female smokers. Atherogenic and thrombogenic values were determined from venous blood samples. No statistically significant (P > 0.05) differences in clinical pathologic findings related to atherogenic risk were observed between the smokers and nonsmokers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
目前的证据表明，生活方式因素会影响患心血管疾病的风险。吸烟人群的生活方式在许多方面与不吸烟者不同。大多数比较吸烟者和不吸烟者中与动脉粥样硬化和血栓形成风险相关的临床病理发现的研究，并未充分控制这两组人群在生活方式上的大部分差异。在本研究中，对一些动脉粥样硬化风险因素（胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、极低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白/胆固醇、甘油三酯和葡萄糖）和血栓形成风险因素（白细胞总数、红细胞总数；单核细胞、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞的百分比；白细胞介素 -1、白三烯B4、血细胞比容、血红蛋白、胆红素、平均红细胞血红蛋白、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度、平均红细胞体积、血小板计数、凝血酶原时间、部分凝血活酶时间和纤维蛋白原）在男性和女性吸烟者以及被选择具有大致相似自我报告生活方式（即食物、酒精和维生素摄入量以及运动水平）的非吸烟者中进行了比较。然而，吸烟者（男性和女性）比不吸烟者饮用更多咖啡（P < 0.05）。相对于男性非吸烟者，在男性吸烟者中还观察到蓝领与白领职业地位的趋势。男性和女性吸烟者之间的香烟消费量以及尿中可替宁和碳氧血红蛋白水平没有差异。动脉粥样硬化和血栓形成值由静脉血样本测定。吸烟者和不吸烟者之间在与动脉粥样硬化风险相关的临床病理发现上未观察到统计学显著差异（P > 0.05）。（摘要截短于250字）
