Bopp J H, Fisher W A
Middletown Psychiatric Center, NY 10940, USA.
Psychiatr Q. 1995 Fall;66(3):237-48. doi: 10.1007/BF02265673.
Conventional wisdom views state psychiatric hospitals as a problem as much as a solution in the fight against mental illness. The legacy of the historic shortcomings of these hospitals--overcrowding, dreary environment, ineffective treatments, understaffing--frames the discussions of their future. The authors argue that a positive, constructive mission and vision for state hospitals is emerging in New York. This vision calls for fewer, smaller, specialized centers redefined as academically affiliated, community based, consumer oriented, tertiary care centers. To transform these centers, a major reengineering is proposed, including centralized treatment, patient and family participation, continuing education for all staff, outcome research, specialization, multi-service campuses, and technology transfer programs. With this transformation, State Psychiatric Centers become partners in efforts to improve the quality of life for people with mental illness throughout society.
传统观念认为，在抗击精神疾病的斗争中，州立精神病医院既是解决方案，也是问题所在。这些医院历史遗留的缺点——过度拥挤、环境沉闷、治疗无效、人员配备不足——影响着对其未来的讨论。作者认为，纽约正在出现一种关于州立医院的积极、建设性的使命和愿景。这一愿景要求设立数量更少、规模更小的专业化中心，重新定义为学术附属、以社区为基础、以消费者为导向的三级护理中心。为了改造这些中心，提议进行一次重大的重新设计，包括集中治疗、患者及家属参与、全体员工的继续教育、成果研究、专业化、多服务园区以及技术转让项目。通过这种转变，州立精神病中心成为提高全社会精神疾病患者生活质量努力中的合作伙伴。
