Mahendran R
Institute of Mental Health/Woodbridge Hospital, Singapore.
Singapore Med J. 1995 Feb;36(1):80-3.
Insomnia is a common problem and studies in Singapore and abroad have shown that up to a third of any population studied has experienced insomnia. There is also increasing awareness of insomnia as a health risk. Current views of the problem not only focus on the disturbed sleep pattern but also on the daytime consequences. Younger adults tend to experience sleep latency problems and older adults, sleep maintenance problems. Sleep varies from person to person and according to age. There are no normative values to help in the diagnosis of insomnia but some features typical of insomnia have been noted. The aetiologies of insomnia are diverse and must be determined in the assessment of patients. Treatment of insomnia is non-pharmacologic and/or pharmacologic therapy. There are an increasing number of studies on the various treatments and at present a combination of both types appears best in the long-term management of the problem.
失眠是一个常见问题，新加坡及国外的研究表明，在任何被研究的人群中，高达三分之一的人曾经历过失眠。人们也越来越意识到失眠是一种健康风险。当前对该问题的看法不仅关注睡眠模式紊乱，还关注白天产生的后果。年轻人往往存在入睡潜伏期问题，而老年人则存在睡眠维持问题。睡眠因人而异，也因年龄而异。目前尚无用于诊断失眠的标准值，但已注意到一些失眠的典型特征。失眠的病因多种多样，在评估患者时必须予以确定。失眠的治疗方法包括非药物治疗和/或药物治疗。关于各种治疗方法的研究越来越多，目前看来，两种治疗方法结合使用在该问题的长期管理中效果最佳。
